The Islamic World

 

published by Routledge, London

September 2008  

Edited by Andrew Rippin

Department of History

University of Victoria

The Concept

Aims

Content

The Editor                                                                                                                                                                       

 

THE CONCEPT

 

The lament that the Euro-American world still does not understand or appreciate the Islamic world sufficiently continues to be heard widely, despite the continuing flow of published books and other educational material. The demand for more readily available information, packaged in an attractive, stimulating and accessible manner, continues to be felt. The Islamic World, appearing within the major reference series The Worlds published by Routledge, responds to this demand, bringing together leading scholarship, broad coverage and functional illustration.

 

The Islamic World will find an immediate role as a reference work for undergraduate and graduate student use in libraries. The final goal is to issue a paperback version that would have potential application as a general reading work and as well as a class text in courses designed to provide an overview of Islamic civilization.

 

AIMS

 

The Islamic World provides an overview of the culture of those who maintained, and continue to maintain, adherence to the religion of Islam in all of its geographical and historical diversity. The notion of diversity provides the main focus for the work as it aims to define the fundamental question of what we mean by the frequently used phrase, The Islamic world. The essays which comprise this volume are unified by their common quest for the definition of this phrase. Each essay enunciates its goal and scope by focusing on the central theme of the volume: What is it about the topic of the essay that helps define what we mean by the Islamic World? Can we define the Islamic World through the topic of the essay? What is it, as reflected in the topic of the essay, that makes the Islamic World distinctive and to what extent is that distinctiveness uniform across Muslim-populated countries and historical eras? By having each essay address these questions, the volume comprises an intellectually stimulating attempt to define the topic reflected in the title of the work while, at the same time, it provides an authoritative and accessible source of information on topics of interest.

 

In order to accomplish this goal, a variety of approaches are included within the volume in order to organize approaches to the topic. Geography is used as the initial organizational category in section one. Each geographical area is dealt with in terms of the presence of an Islamic identity through history. Attention is paid to governing dynasties in the medieval period ending with the modern emergence of the nation state in the geographical areas.

 

Given that the concept of Islam underpins the notion of the Islamic World, section two covers the fundamentals of the Islamic religion while paying attention to the diversity of thought and manifestation in both history and geography. While Islam is a convenient concept by which to try to define the Islamic world, once again the diversity of its attributes and the features of cultural adaptation does mean that beyond sharing a limited set of common symbols, the Islamic basis of the Islamic world is a concept which needs to be explored and carefully defined.

 

The intellectual world of Islam, as it manifests itself in thought about the world, provides the next theme in section three by which the manifestation of Islam may be understood. The organization of knowledge on both the theoretical and applied levels as enunciated by leading intellectuals from different time periods will provide a measure of how the Islamic world both understood itself and created a tradition of cultural knowledge.

 

Material culture is often interpreted to provide tangible evidence of the presence of Islam in the world, and that provides the focus of section four. The reality is, however, that this is an aspect which is overwhelming in its diversity across the Islamic world, The various manifestations of art, architecture, urban design, music, and literature throughout Islamic history and across the geographical range centrally raise the question of what makes this Islamic?

 

Finally, the structuring of the social world of Islam, founded in Islamic law and finding its manifestation in a range of historical and geographically conditioned manners, is crucial to providing an understanding of how individual Muslims live their lives as a part of the Islamic world. In section five the essays come closest to providing a definitive answer to what makes something or somewhere Islamic as attention is paid to the social organization of  individuals and how they create and maintain their own sense of identity as Muslims.

 

In moving towards that overall emphasis of the volume, each essay takes into account the latest research in the field of study and points to important areas for future research as a stimulus to future scholars.

 

CONTENT

 

Introduction   Andrew Rippin

 

Section I: The Geo-political Islamic World

1          The Arab Middle East          ---        Martin Bunton

2          West Africa                ---        David Owusu-Ansah                      

3          East Africa     ---        Valerie J. Hoffman

4          Turkey            ---        Markus Dressler

5          Iran                 ---        Elton L. Daniel

6          Central Asia              ---        Devin DeWeese

7          Southeast Asia         ---        Nelly van Doorn-Harder

8          Europe                       ---        John R. Bowen

9          The Diaspora in the West   ---        Amir Hussain           

 

Section II: The Religious Islamic World   

10        The Qurʾān    ---        Gordon Nickel and Andrew Rippin

11        Muḥammad   ---        Michael Lecker        

12        Sunnī Law     ---        Robert Gleave

13        Theology: Freewill and Predestination     ---        Suleiman Ali Mourad

14        Ritual Life      ---        Zayn Kassam

14 sidebar     Rites of Passage      ---        Zayn Kassam

15        Sufism            ---        Art Buehler

16        Shiʿism           ---        William Shepard

17        The Ibāḍīs     ---        Valerie J. Hoffmann

18        Relations with Other Religions      ---        David Thomas

 

Section III: The Intellectual Islamic World

19        The Arabic Language          ---        Mustafa Shah

20        Philosophy    ---        Oliver Leaman

21        The Scientific Tradition       ---        George Saliba

22        Education      ---        Jeffrey C. Burke

23        The Transmission of Knowledge   ---        Paul L. Heck

24        Travel             ---        David Waines                      

BIOGRAPHIES

            25        ʿAbd al-Jabbār          ---        Gabriel Said Reynolds

            26        Niẓām al-Mulk           ---        Neguin Yevari

            27        Al-Ghazālī     ---        Frank Griffel

            28        Ibn ʿArabī       ---        Sajjad H. Rizvi

            29        Ibn Taymiyya            ---        David Waines

            30        Nāṣir al-Dīn al-Ṭūsī              ---        Zayn Kassam

            31        Al-Suyūṭī        ---        Suleiman Ali Mourad

            32        Shāh Walī Allāh       ---        Marcia Hermansen

            33        Bediüzzaman Said Nursi    ---        Zeki Saritoprak        

            34        Sayyid Quṭb  ---        William Shepard

            35        Fazlur Rahman         ---        Earle H. Waugh       

 

Section IV: The Cultural Islamic World    

36        Art       ---        Hussein Keshani

37        Architecture               ---        Hussein Keshani

38        Material culture         ---        James E. Lindsay

39        Military Organization and Warfare             ---        Niall Christie

40        Popular Piety and Cultural Practices        ---        Earle H. Waugh

41        Music              ---        Michael Frishkopf

42        Cinema          ---        Günül Dönmez-Colin

 

Section V: Social Issues and the Islamic World 

43        Civilization    ---        Akbar Ahmed

44        Social Change          ---        Ebrahim Moosa

45        Secularism    ---        Amila Buturovic

46        Public Ethics             ---        Amyn B. Sajoo

47        Marriage, Family, and Sexual Ethics        ---        Kecia Ali

48        Women, Gender and Human Rights         ---        Simonetta Calderini

49        Religious Minority Rights    ---        Christopher Buck

49 sidebar     International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (extracts)

 

Glossary       

index             

 

THE EDITOR

 

Andrew Rippin taught for 20 years in the Department of Religious Studies at the University of Calgary, and then joined the University of Victoria and the Department of History in 2000 as Professor and Dean of the Faculty of Humanities. His major research areas are the Quran and the history of its interpretation, and the formative period of Islamic civilization in the Arab world. Among the works he has published are the following:

·      (editor), Approaches to the history of the interpretation of the Quran. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1988.

·      Textual sources for the study of Islam, co-edited with Jan Knappert. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1986. Reprinted University of Chicago Press, 1990.

·      Muslims, their religious beliefs and practices, volume 1: The formative period. London, New York: Routledge, 1990.

·      Muslims, their religious beliefs and practices, volume 2: The contemporary period. London, New York: Routledge, 1993.

·      (editor), The Qur'an: formative interpretation. Aldershot: Ashgate/Variorum, 2000.

·      Muslims, their religious beliefs and practices, second edition (two volumes combined in one with new material added). London: Routledge, 2001; Third edition, London: Routledge, 2005.

·      (editor), The Qur'an: style and contents. Aldershot: Ashgate/Variorum, 2001.

·      The Quran and its interpretative tradition. Aldershot: Variorum, 2001. Reprints of twenty-two of my articles on topics related to the Quran and its interpretation.

·      Classical Islam: a sourcebook of religious literature, co-edited with Norman Calder and Jawid Mojaddedi. London: Routledge, 2003.

·      (editor), The Blackwell Companion to the Qurʾān. Oxford: Blackwell, 2006

·      (editor), Defining Islam: a reader, London. Equinox, 2007

·      (editor), World Islam: Critical Concepts in Islamic Studies, London: Routledge, 2008

·      Coming to Terms with the Quran, co-edited with Khaleel Mohammed, New Jersey: IPC, 2007

 

Other articles specifically on the language of the Quran include:

 

·     "The poetics of Quranic punning," Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, LVII(1994), 193-207.

·     "The commerce of eschatology," in S. Wild (ed.), The Koran as Text. Leiden: Brill, 1996, pp. 125-35.

·     " Desiring the face of God: the Quranic symbolism of personal responsibility", in I. J. Boullata (ed.), Literary Aspects of Religious Meaning in the Quran. London: Curzon Press, 2000, pp. 117-24.

·     "Muhammad in the Quran: reading scripture in the 21st century," in H. Motzki (ed.), The Biography of the Prophet Muhammad: the Issue of the Sources. Leiden: E.J. Brill, 2000, pp. 298-309.

·     “Western Scholarship and the Qur’an,” in Jane D. McAuliffe (ed.), Cambridge Companion to the Qur’an. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2006, 235-51.

·     Syriac in the Qurʾān: classical Muslim theories,” in G. S. Reynolds, The Qurʾan in its Historical Context. London: Routledge 2008, 249-61.

·     “The Muslim Samson: Medieval, modern and scholarly interpretations,” Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, 71 (2008), 239-53.